Good morning,
I have understood that the implicit baseline in the first level model is the activation’s mean of image which are not modeled in the design (post: https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=ind1003&L=SPM&P=R101301&1=SPM&9=A&I=-3&J=on&d=No+Match%3BMatch%3BMatches&z=4)
My question is the following:
How is calculate the implicit baseline of a second-level (random effect) model? In this case, the modelization is done on all contrasts images specified in the model. There is no unmodelized images. So how the implicit baseline of the model is calculated?
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