Dear Saeid,
I would also like to add that it it possible to identify and quantify phases at less than 3wt% concentration. However, this is very much phase dependant with the higher symmetry phases generally easier to 'see' in a diffraction pattern. For example, quartz can usually be detected at values < 1wt%.
As a further example, I direct you to the recent Powder Diffraction book edited by Dinnebier and Billinge - go to the chapter by Madsen and Scarlett - near the end of this chapter is a discussion about the quantification (and verification) of alkali sulphates in cement clinker (an incredibly complex phase system if ever I met one !) at a concentration of < 0.5wt%.
Cheers
o----------------------oo0oo---------------------------o
Ian Madsen
Team Leader - Diffraction Science
CSIRO Minerals
Box 312
Clayton South 3169
Victoria
AUSTRALIA
Phone +61 3 9545 8785 direct
+61 3 9545 8500 switch
+61 (0) 417 554 935 mobile
FAX +61 3 9562 8919
Email [log in to unmask]
o----------------------oo0oo---------------------------o
________________________________
From: Support and use of X-ray diffraction instrumentation [[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Ralph Bottrill [[log in to unmask]]
Sent: Friday, August 14, 2009 10:24 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Minor and trace minerals
Saeid
Even without Rietveld you can usually get down to 1% or less depending on the mineral composition, crystallinity, matrix effects, diffractometer setup etc
Ralph Bottrill
Mineral Resources Tasmania
________________________________
From: Support and use of X-ray diffraction instrumentation [[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Moradi, Saeid [[log in to unmask]]
Sent: Friday, 14 August 2009 2:55 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Minor and trace minerals
Dear Bernhard,
Thanks for this. Yes, I have but can you give me your opinion about this email:
________________________________________
From: Support and use of X-ray diffraction instrumentation [[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Andy McDonald [[log in to unmask]]
Sent: 13 August 2009 17:22
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Minor and trace minerals
Dear Saeid:
Not true. I almost exclusively work on massive (and disseminated) Fe-Ni-Cu-PGE ore samples from my own back yard, detecting phases (via Rietveld analyses) down to the 0.1 modal % level.
Dr. Andrew M. McDonald
Chair, Department of Earth Sciences
Professor, Mineralogy & Crystallography
Academic Advisor, Central Analytical Facility, Solid Phase Section
Associate Editor, Canadian Mineralogist
Department of Earth Sciences
Laurentian University
935 Ramsey Lake Road
Sudbury, ON
Canada
P3E 2C6
Ph: 705-675-1151 ext. 2266
Fax: 705-675-4898
Email: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Many thanks,
Saeid
________________________________
From: Support and use of X-ray diffraction instrumentation [[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Bernhard Schnetger [[log in to unmask]]
Sent: 13 August 2009 16:15
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Minor and trace minerals
do you have excess to a microprobe?
Bernhard Schnetger
ICBM
Microbiogeochemistry
P.O. Box 2503
D-26111 Oldenburg
Germany
mail: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
http://www.icbm.de/~mbgc/index.html
fon: (XX49) 441-798-3796
fax: (XX49) 441-798-3404
Am 13.08.2009 um 16:42 schrieb Moradi, Saeid:
Dear X-ray Crystallographer,
As far as I know, detection limits of the XRD method are not low enough to enable minor and trace minerals (less than 3%) to be determined in ore samples.
I am looking for a method to detect them in my sample.
Thank you,
Best regards,
Saeid Moradi
Royal School of Mines
Imperial College London
London SW7 2BP
UK
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