I feel sure that 'gate' as a measure of the stint of a common is a different
word (or at least usage) from gate (as in door) or gate (meaning a street).
The other uses are interesting, but not relevant to the question of what
grazing rights the owner of a gate or 6.5 gates was entitled to. The
original query suggested that a twinter gate was equal to half a gate and
could be used by a two-year-old sheep. The question in perhaps of the ratio
between the area required to graze one adult sheep and one adult cow or
horse.
Peter King
49, Stourbridge Road,
Hagley,
Stourbridge
West Midlands
DY9 0QS
01562-720368
[log in to unmask]
-----Original Message-----
From: From: Local-History list [mailto:[log in to unmask]]On
Behalf Of David and Gill Foster
Sent: 27 November 2006 01:41
To: Peter Wickham King
Subject: Re: "six gates and one half gate"
Mary E Carrick wrote:
> Hi Dennis,
>
> In the north of England the word 'gate' also means road and is of
Scandinavian origin. Here in the East Riding, there are many towns with
'gate' as a name element eg Beverley has Highgate; Hull has Lowgate,
Whitefriargate and so on. Up on the North Yorkshire Moors there are places
with 'gate' as a name element, like Chop Gate, pronounced Chop Yat, and it
is a well-known fact that the inhabitants of the NY Moors, until very
recently, spoke a dialect more akin to Danish than standard English, as did
those of Holderness in the East Riding. Round here, it settlement was first
by the Angles, from the area now in north Germany and Denmark and, later,
the Danish Scandinavians. It is probably correct to say that the dividing of
stinted land into 'gates' in Yorkshire was a direct reflection of our
Scanidinavian ancestry; as probably the case in Yarmouth as well, with it
being a coastal town easily accessible to Viking raiders.
>
> Mary Carrick
>
> ________________________________
>
> From: From: Local-History list on behalf of D. Durrant
> Sent: Sun 26/11/2006 18:27
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: "six gates and one half gate"
>
>
>
> Hi
>
> In great yarmouth we had four main roads Southgate, Northgate, Eastgate
and
> Westgate. The roads leading to these were called gates and any gate
which
> didn't connect two of any of the main four was termed a half gate. Toll
> gates and entrance gates were a separate thing.
>
> Dennis
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Mary E Carrick" <[log in to unmask]>
> To: <[log in to unmask]>
> Sent: Thursday, November 23, 2006 6:06 PM
> Subject: Re: "six gates and one half gate"
>
>
> Peter,
>
> As has been confirmed by a number of other members, a 'gate' in this
context
> is, indeed, the number of animals you were allowed to graze on the
'stinted'
> pasture. From an analysis of the 76 extant probate inventories and wills
for
> the village of Wawne, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, it can also be seen
> that possession of the right to animal 'gates' was highly valued, with
> fathers handing on the right to these 'gates' together with unexpired
leases
> on land on their houses. In one probate inventory, it mentions that the
> 'gates' in Stone Carr where divided off by piles of stones. Obviously they
> had cleverer and more numerate animals in those days, to know to stay
within
> these 'gates'!
>
> The pasture masters of Beverley Westwood, one of the few remaining areas
of
> common land in Yorkshire which are still stinted, still rent out their
> 'beast gates' (only cattle are grazed on the Westwood) each yearvto
farmers
> from as far away as Derbyshire in some cases.
>
> For a glossary of commonly used agricultural terms in East Yorkshire and
> Lincolnshire, I would recommend 'A Glossary for East Yorkshire and North
> Lincolnshire Probate Inventories' by Sue Needham, now Dr Susan Neave,
1984,
> University of Hull Department of Adult Education Studies in Regional and
> Local History No. 3; and for a more general glossary, 'A Glossary of
> Household, Farming and Trade Terms from Probate Inventories' by Rosemary
> Milward, revised 1988, Derbyshire Record Society Occasional Paper No.1.
>
> Mary Carrick MA, (currently studying for PhD)
> 13 Glebe Road,
> Wawne,
> Hull
> HU7 5XR
>
> ________________________________
>
> From: From: Local-History list on behalf of Peter Park
> Sent: Thu 23/11/2006 09:41
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: "six gates and one half gate"
>
>
>
> Dear All,
>
>
>
> A friend has been looking at a number of late seventeenth/early eighteenth
> century surveys for a manor in the West Riding.
>
>
>
> One part is "an account of what they all should stinte for when they put
> into [illegible - presumably a field name] at Michalmas or any other time;
> the first is
>
>
>
> Thempest Armitstead six gates and one half gate
>
> Croft Yates there is two gates belongs to it
>
> Lawrence Armistead three gates which is lease
>
> William Robinson six gates and a twinter gate
>
> Thomas Hey two gates and a half gate
>
> John Wilkinson two gates
>
> Mr Farrand four gates
>
> Stephen Kendall two gates
>
> Henry Croasdale two gates
>
> Browne Lands two gates and a half gate
>
> John Robinson one gate and a half gate
>
> Brigend half a gate
>
>
>
> There are in all five and thirty gates"
>
>
>
> Assuming that a "twinter gate" was a half gate then this does add up to
35,
> but what was/is a gate in this context? I assume that a twinter is a two
> year old sheep or other animal, so is a gate the number of sheep/animals
> that make up a stint.
>
>
>
> Has anyone any ideas.
>
>
>
> Thanks,
>
>
>
> Peter Park,
>
> Fulwood, Lancashire.
>
>
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
>
>
>
>>
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> 17:41
>
>
>
> And if my memory serves me correctly the streets in York with gate in the
name ended at gateways called 'bars'.
>
David Foster
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
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