Hi Dennis,
In the north of England the word 'gate' also means road and is of Scandinavian origin. Here in the East Riding, there are many towns with 'gate' as a name element eg Beverley has Highgate; Hull has Lowgate, Whitefriargate and so on. Up on the North Yorkshire Moors there are places with 'gate' as a name element, like Chop Gate, pronounced Chop Yat, and it is a well-known fact that the inhabitants of the NY Moors, until very recently, spoke a dialect more akin to Danish than standard English, as did those of Holderness in the East Riding. Round here, it settlement was first by the Angles, from the area now in north Germany and Denmark and, later, the Danish Scandinavians. It is probably correct to say that the dividing of stinted land into 'gates' in Yorkshire was a direct reflection of our Scanidinavian ancestry; as probably the case in Yarmouth as well, with it being a coastal town easily accessible to Viking raiders.
Mary Carrick
________________________________
From: From: Local-History list on behalf of D. Durrant
Sent: Sun 26/11/2006 18:27
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: "six gates and one half gate"
Hi
In great yarmouth we had four main roads Southgate, Northgate, Eastgate and
Westgate. The roads leading to these were called gates and any gate which
didn't connect two of any of the main four was termed a half gate. Toll
gates and entrance gates were a separate thing.
Dennis
----- Original Message -----
From: "Mary E Carrick" <[log in to unmask]>
To: <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Thursday, November 23, 2006 6:06 PM
Subject: Re: "six gates and one half gate"
Peter,
As has been confirmed by a number of other members, a 'gate' in this context
is, indeed, the number of animals you were allowed to graze on the 'stinted'
pasture. From an analysis of the 76 extant probate inventories and wills for
the village of Wawne, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, it can also be seen
that possession of the right to animal 'gates' was highly valued, with
fathers handing on the right to these 'gates' together with unexpired leases
on land on their houses. In one probate inventory, it mentions that the
'gates' in Stone Carr where divided off by piles of stones. Obviously they
had cleverer and more numerate animals in those days, to know to stay within
these 'gates'!
The pasture masters of Beverley Westwood, one of the few remaining areas of
common land in Yorkshire which are still stinted, still rent out their
'beast gates' (only cattle are grazed on the Westwood) each yearvto farmers
from as far away as Derbyshire in some cases.
For a glossary of commonly used agricultural terms in East Yorkshire and
Lincolnshire, I would recommend 'A Glossary for East Yorkshire and North
Lincolnshire Probate Inventories' by Sue Needham, now Dr Susan Neave, 1984,
University of Hull Department of Adult Education Studies in Regional and
Local History No. 3; and for a more general glossary, 'A Glossary of
Household, Farming and Trade Terms from Probate Inventories' by Rosemary
Milward, revised 1988, Derbyshire Record Society Occasional Paper No.1.
Mary Carrick MA, (currently studying for PhD)
13 Glebe Road,
Wawne,
Hull
HU7 5XR
________________________________
From: From: Local-History list on behalf of Peter Park
Sent: Thu 23/11/2006 09:41
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: "six gates and one half gate"
Dear All,
A friend has been looking at a number of late seventeenth/early eighteenth
century surveys for a manor in the West Riding.
One part is "an account of what they all should stinte for when they put
into [illegible - presumably a field name] at Michalmas or any other time;
the first is
Thempest Armitstead six gates and one half gate
Croft Yates there is two gates belongs to it
Lawrence Armistead three gates which is lease
William Robinson six gates and a twinter gate
Thomas Hey two gates and a half gate
John Wilkinson two gates
Mr Farrand four gates
Stephen Kendall two gates
Henry Croasdale two gates
Browne Lands two gates and a half gate
John Robinson one gate and a half gate
Brigend half a gate
There are in all five and thirty gates"
Assuming that a "twinter gate" was a half gate then this does add up to 35,
but what was/is a gate in this context? I assume that a twinter is a two
year old sheep or other animal, so is a gate the number of sheep/animals
that make up a stint.
Has anyone any ideas.
Thanks,
Peter Park,
Fulwood, Lancashire.
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