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JISC-REPOSITORIES  June 2006

JISC-REPOSITORIES June 2006

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Subject:

Re: CNRS position on OA : new details

From:

Stevan Harnad <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

Stevan Harnad <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Fri, 23 Jun 2006 22:50:32 +0100

Content-Type:

TEXT/PLAIN

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

TEXT/PLAIN (239 lines)

On Fri, 23 Jun 2006, Thierry Chanier wrote:

> http://www.ccsd.cnrs.fr/article.php3?id_article=3D15
> the new head of the CNRS recommends depositing in Hal...

*Recommending* has been demonstrated to be insufficient to generate
self-archiving above the worldwide spontaneous self-archiving baseline
of 15%: Only *requiring*) (a mandate, directive, compulsory policy)
will generate self-archiving that approaches 100% of institutional
research output.

   http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/11006/

Moreover, this CNRS recommendation is not new. It was already registered
in ROARMAP on 17 Mar 2005 by the former Directorate by the former Head
of Scientific and Technical Information (Laurent Romary)

    http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/

    Institution's/Department's OA Self-Archiving Policy
    "HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne), is an open archive that already
    covers the fields of Physics, Mathematics and Humanities within CNRS
    and which is our software platform for our future institutional
    archive. The CNRS intends to establish an institutional archive a
    high quality and wide coverage repository of its research publication
    output. It is expected that the adoption of a highly incentivized
    institutional self-archiving policy for our researchers will ensure
    that the majority of CNRS publications deposited in the archive will
    also be made externally visible in Open Access."
http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/fullinfo.php?inst=CNRS%20%28Centre%20National%20de%20la%20recherche%20scientifique%29

 From the growth data for HAL:
http://archives.eprints.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhal.ccsd.cnrs.fr%2F

the deposit rate does not seem commensurate with all of CNRS's annual
research output:
http://archives.eprints.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhal.ccsd.cnrs.fr%2F

If you consult by year of publication you will find that for 2004, 2005,
and 2006, respectively, from all of CNRS, there are, respectively, 4430,
5462, and 2110 articles.

It would be very helpful to know what percentage of CNRS's total annual
research output this represents, and how it distributes across CNRS's
many fields and research units.
http://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/index.php?halsid=397ff53364e12b1147b892ffe24aa9bc&action_todo=browse&b_type=browse_date

> the researcher should [first] ask the publisher for permission to deposit.

This is a big mistake. No permission is required from anyone merely to
deposit.

The CNRS policy should be a requirement to immediately deposit all published
articles (full text and metadata) immediately upon acceptance for
publication (no exceptions, no delays). The only optional component
should be: when the access to the deposited full-text is set as Open Access
(until then the deposited full-text is in Closed Access, but its
*metadata* are already accessible webwide). Setting full-text access
immediately to Open Access should be recommended, but not required (in
order to avoid further delay in adopting the policy, and in order to
rule out all exceptions or delays in depositing)..

> They suggest spending time to negotiate with the publisher
> when signing the copyright statement,
> even asking him the permission to deposit the preprint!

Nonsense. Deposit should be immediate; negotiation can come afterwards,
if the author wishes, in order to decide when to set access to OA. In
the interim, I strongly recommend that HAL implements the semi-automatic
EMAIL-EPRINT request feature of EPrints (now also implemented in DSpace):

  https://secure.ecs.soton.ac.uk/notices/publicnotices.php?notice=902

No permission is needed from anyone to immediately set access to the
unrefereed *preprint* to Open Access immediately upon deposit (which
might even be before the preprint is submitted to the journal for
refereeing!)

    http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/self-faq/#copyright1

> Hence if the publisher is against any form of deposit,
> the researcher should do nothing.

Nonsense. Deposit should be de-coupled from access-setting. Deposit
should be immediate, and with no exceptions. Access-setting is up to the
author. So is preprint depositing, which should also be encouraged but
not required. Access to preprints can be set as Open Access immediately.

> I do not that know any French publisher appears on the Sherpa
> list. They avoided responding and taking any official position.
> Informally they are against We could consider this text as an
> invitation to open the debate with them

Please, before debating: deposit!

> - there is no statement that research funded with public money
> should in any case be made open access

It would be a good idea for French research funders to follow
the example of other research funders worldwide, including
the European Commission, the UK and the US, in requiring that
the results of publicly funded research be made Open Access.

  http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/science-society/pdf/scientific-publication-study_en.pdf
  http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/access/index.asp
  http://cornyn.senate.gov/doc_archive/05-02-2006_COE06461_xml.pdf
  http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/sign.php

> - there is no requirement in French research contracts, when claiming
> funds to deposit the resulting publications in an OA repository [like HAL]

There is alas no requirement in any other country's research contracts
yet either! The EC, UK and US have so far only *proposed* to require it:
they have not yet *implemented* the proposal. So far, only the Wellcome
Trust, a private funder, plus 6 individual universities and research
institutions worldwide, have actually implemented a self-archiving
mandate. So there is still time for France to become the first...

    http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/node3302.html
    http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/

> - [in any case] it is nonsense to ask the publisher for the right to deposit
> a preprint, the preprint not being part of any copyright statement

Correct. But it is also nonsense to ask the publisher for permission to
*deposit* any article: If the publisher's policy is relevant to anything
at all, it is relevant only to access-setting, not to depositing.

> - it is contrary to our current position to deposit first and then consider
> whether the deposit can be made free immediately or after a given delay.

Then please change your current position, which is arbitrary,
counterproductive, and has obvious not been thought through.

> What do you think of this position? Will it promote or hamper the
> development of OA?

Recommending self-archiving is better than not recommending
self-archiving, but it is not enough. What is needed is requiring
(a self-archiving directive or mandate). And the mandate should be an
immediate-deposit mandate. Any delay and negotiation should only pertain
to the date of Open-Access-setting, *not* to the date of deposit (which
should be on the day of acceptance of the refereed, revised, final draft
for publication)..

The failure to distinguish deposit form release, the failure to mandate
immediate deposit, and the bad advice on copyright and negotiation would
hamper rather than promote OA, but this is all very easy to correct. All that
is required is to understand how and why.

Stevan Harnad

> **************************
>A l'attention de Mesdames et
> Messieurs les directeurs d'unité
> Sous-couvert de Mesdames et Messieurs les délégués régionaux
> Objet :
> Développement des archives ouvertes
> Chère Collègue, Cher Collègue,
> Le CNRS soutient le mouvement international en faveur des archives
> ouvertes. Il a, à cet
> égard, exprimé une position de principe lors de la déclaration de Berlin,
> signée le 22 octobre 2003, en
> faveur du modèle du libre accès à la connaissance. Et l'établissement a
> agi concrètement en mettant en
> oeuvre la base pluridisciplinaire Hal
> hébergée au Centre pour la communication scientifique
> directe (CCSD), unité propre de service (UPS) du CNRS. L'Académie des
> sciences a exprimé, pour sa
> part, son fort soutien dans un avis rendu le 5 juillet 2005 et un accord
> inter-établissements
> (établissements d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche et organismes de
> recherche) est en cours de
> signature pour l'utilisation commune de Hal.
> Dans ce contexte, je souhaite que vous invitiez tous les chercheurs des
> unités propres ou
> associées au CNRS à déposer, chaque fois que c'est possible, les
> manuscrits de leurs travaux sur la
> base Hal, les rendant ainsi librement consultables par la communauté
> scientifique internationale. Outre
> une large visibilité immédiate des travaux de recherche, ce dispositif
> permettra, dans un cadre
> académique, une préservation à long terme des documents sous forme
> électronique. Il permettra
> également aux laboratoires et institutions une identification facilitée
> de leur production scientifique via
> une collection constituée sur la base
> Hal. Je vous incite donc à prendre des mesures pour que
> ce dépôt soit effectué régulièrement. Le CNRS veillera, pour sa part, au
> maintien de ces bases en libre
> accès, à la conservation à long terme du corpus de connaissances ainsi
> constitué et à la stabilité des
> adresses des documents mis en ligne.
> Il ne s'agit évidemment pas de renoncer à la publication des travaux de
> recherche dans des
> revues à comité de lecture. L'évaluation scientifique par les pairs et
> l'amélioration des textes soumis
> aux revues scientifiques, en particulier internationales, sont des
> composantes essentielles de la
> recherche. Cependant, comme l'ont déjà montré certaines grandes
> communautés scientifiques, une
> publication par les canaux classiques n'est pas incompatible avec la
> communication des résultats sur
> une base en accès libre.
> Il existe bien évidemment des cas oû il est inopportun ou impossible de
> diffuser les résultats
> de recherche, que ce soit dans le cadre des bases en libre accès ou des
> publications traditionnelles.
> C'est aux chercheurs et aux laboratoires d'appliquer le discernement
> nécessaire.
> Il convient en particulier de veiller à ne pas rendre publics des
> résultats confidentiels, par
> exemple s'ils sont destinés à être brevetés, et de vérifier que les
> droits de diffusion en archives
> ouvertes n'ont fait pas l'objet d'une cession à un éditeur (cf. le guide
> du dépôt et du bon usage de
> Hal qui rappelle les règles
> à respecter en matière de droit de propriété
> Les
> chercheurs des laboratoires propres ou associés au CNRS sont invités à ce
> titre à favoriser les revues et
> éditeurs dont les contrats sont compatibles avec le dépôt des documents
> sur Hal, mais bien
> évidemment ce sont eux les mieux placés pour décider en dernier ressort
> si cela est possible, compte
> tenu des habitudes dans chaque discipline et de la nécessité d'une bon ne
> diffusion.
> Dans les cas oû il s'avère que le dépôt du texte dans son intégralité
> n'est pas approprié, il
> demeure toujours la possibilité de déposer dans Hal une notice
> bibliographique ne contenant que les
> références de publication.
> Sachant pouvoir compter sur votre actif concours pour contribuer à
> développer le modèle du
> libre accès à la connaissance, je vous prie de bien vouloir agréer, Chère
> Collègue, Cher Collègue,
> l'expression de mes salutations les meilleures,
>

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