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Subject:

Re: Ancient Metals Eight-Day intensive Course

From:

David Scott <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

Arch-Metals Group <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Wed, 15 Mar 2006 20:41:59 -0800

Content-Type:

text/plain

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

text/plain (133 lines)

Quoting Jack Lifton <[log in to unmask]>:
this is not so easy as it is produced as a course reader of extracted 
material and is some 100 pages in length...I will try to send you an 
old copy from a previous year if I can find one...let me know your 
mailing address....of course it does not include the powerpoints but is 
only a reading list for the course...d

the course description is:
Summer School Intensive in Ancient and Historic Metals: 2006.

Course Aims: This eight-day course will act both as an introduction and 
a focus of more intensive study dealing with the examination, analysis, 
metallographic examination and deterioration of ancient and historic 
metals.  The course is designed to benefit conservators, scientists  
and archaeologists  who wish to learn how to prepare metallic samples 
for metallographic study, learn something of the technological  aspects 
of the working and structure of metals, and how corrosion and 
patination can be discussed and examined.

Artefacts for examination: Over the past 25 years an unrivalled 
collection of mounted metallographic samples  has been assembled,  
which are studied as part of the course practical work, involving both 
polarized light microscopy and metallographic microscopy of both 
freshly polished and etched samples. These samples range from cast iron 
from China to wootz steel from India, bronze coinage alloys from the 
Roman Empire to high-tin bronze from ancient Thailand, silver alloys 
from the Parthian period to ancient Ecuador, gilded copper and tumbaga 
from Peru and Colombia, to mention only a few of the geographical  
areas covered by available samples. Course participants will be 
instructed in the use of polishing and etching in the examination of 
samples and are encouraged to keep digital images of the samples they 
have prepared during the week.  Students may also bring their own 
samples  for examination if mounted and ground, or if not mounted, then 
one or two samples may be brought which can be mounted and prepared 
during the course.

Course Instructor: Professor David A. Scott, Director of the MA program 
in Archaeological and Ethnographic Conservation.  His book, “Copper and 
Bronze in Art: Corrosion, Colorants, Conservation” won the prize from 
the Association of American Publishers  as the best Scholarly/Art book 
published  in the USA in 2002.  Professor Scott has published  over 70 
papers in the peer-reviewed literature and is an Editor for the journal 
Studies in Conservation.

Course Schedule: The course will be held over the eight days from 
Saturday 9th July  to Saturday 16th July, 2006.  The course will be 
held at the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology , located in the basement 
of the Fowler Museum Building at the UCLA campus in Los Angeles from 
9.15am – 5.00pm each day.   The course is open to a maximum of 10 
participants only.

Course Costs:  The cost of the instruction for the eight days will be 
$800.00.  For details of payment and to register for this course, as 
well as to receive leaflets on local housing and hotels, please  
contact the course organizer and director:
Professor David A. Scott, Room A410, The Cotsen Institute of 
Archaeology, UCLA, 405 Hilgard Avenue,  Los Angeles, CA 90095-1510, USA.
Electronic mail: [log in to unmask]

Course Details:  Saturday 9th July: Introduction, use of the 
metallurgical microscope,  the mounting and polishing  of samples, 
their preparation, use of resins, grinding and polishing.  Introduction 
to phase diagrams and their application to ancient bronzes and copper 
alloys.  Copper-arsenical, copper-nickel, and  copper-tin alloys.  
Casting and working of metals and aspects of bronze casting in the 
ancient world.  Etching of some copper alloys.

Sunday 10th July:  Continuation of the examination of copper-tin and 
copper-tin-lead alloys. Ancient coinage alloys of the Roman period, 
examination of copper-arsenic bronzes, aspects of the corrosion of 
bronze and copper alloys.  The Pourbaix diagram and some of its 
applications.  The extraction of metals from their ores and some 
principles of the Ellingham diagram.

Monday 11th July: The phase diagram for copper-silver and lead-tin 
alloys. Examination of silver and debased silver alloys.  Surface 
enrichment and corrosion. Problems in the authentication of ancient 
silver and bronze alloys.  Metallographic  examination of ancient 
silver alloys and techniques of etching silver. Discontinuous 
precipitation phenomena and the age of silver alloys.  Colour etching 
of both copper alloys  and silver alloys.  The Philosopher plate and 
the Strozzi silver basin: case studies from the J. Paul Getty Museum.

Tuesday 12th July:  Mounting of samples brought by students. 
Examination of some ternary phase issues in relation to 
gold-silver-copper  alloys.  The corrosion of tumbaga alloys  and 
aspects of the Pourbaix diagram. Video concerning the extraction of 
iron and steel. Introduction to iron and steel.  The principles  of 
corrosion and the eight types of corrosion of metals. The examination 
of iron from meteorites. The technology  of ancient iron and steel in 
the West, in India and in China will be contrasted and samples 
illustrating these different technologies examined.  The metallography  
of ancient iron alloys.

Wednesday 13th July:  Corrosion issues of iron and steel.  Weathering 
steel and patinas, the nature of iron corrosion products and their 
implications for the stabilization of iron artefacts during 
conservation treatments. Problems with the examination of lead, 
lead-tin, zinc, and aluminium alloys.  The reasons why brass was made 
by cementation, the extraction of metallic zinc and examination of 
samples of brass alloys.  The use of solders and aspects of tinning of 
ancient bronzes.  Examination of mounted specimens  prepared on the 
12th July, and continuation of practical metallography.

Thursday 14th July:  Examination of patinas and corrosion.  The 
problems associated with corrosion and sampling for polarized light 
examination.  Continuation of practical metallographic examination and 
colour etching  of a variety of samples.  Recording of samples with 
digital camera and case studies in the examination of a group of copper 
alloy plaques  and a bronze figurine of the God Osiris will be 
discussed.   Friday  15th July: Gold and gold alloys: gilding:  
examination of gold alloys. Lecture on the technology of ancient gold 
alloys in South America.  Continuation of metallographic  practical  
examination.

Saturday 16th July:  Examination of further metallographic samples.  
Additional case studies dealing with metals technology and corrosion.  
End of the course.  For those who need to leave early, the principal 
part of the teaching will finish by 3.00pm. For those wishing to 
continue, we will work until 4.15pm and pack away samples and equipment 
  to finish at 5.00pm.


> Dear Professor Scott:
>
> I cannot make it to UCLA this year for your course, but I wonder if you could
> let me (us) have a copy of the syllabus and/or reading list for the course.
>
> Thank you,
>
> Jack Lifton
>

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