To: [log in to unmask]
From: Olle Kjellin <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: Bio-feedback teaching of pronunciation
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Also see this excellent, extensive overview:
Anderson-Hsieh, Janet. (1996). Computer assisted pronunciation aids. Paper presented at the 30th Annual TESOL Convention, Chicago.
See letter below as I got it from Janet by e-mail some six years ago. Please note her caveats.
Cheers,
Olle
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Date: Wed, 24 Apr 96 12:34:27 -600
From: [log in to unmask] (Janet Anderson-Hsieh)
Subject: Re: 1996 TESOL Presentation: Computer assisted pronunciation aids
Dear Olle:
Following is the handout I distributed during my TESOL presentation on computer assisted pronunciation products.I groupedÊ the products into 4 categoriesÊ which are listed in the outline below. The categories are by no means air-tight, and in fact what I said in my conclusion is that software with programmed instruction on pronunciation is now begninning to include some speech analysis functions, such as a waveform or pitch display and, in some cases, speech recognition, which is relatively new.
Also, I have provided the _approximate_ prices of the products for your information.Ê I did not include them in the original conference handout because they are not all up-to-date, so if you are interested, you should call first for more accurate price information, and I have included telphone numbers and addresses.Ê But at least you will get an idea of the range in prices.
I would also like to add that the purpose of my presentation was not to critique the products--I did not have enough information or experience with them to be able to do that.Ê Rather, my purpose was to compile a list of what was out there for teaching pronunciation so one knows where to begin to look.
Nevertheless, I did offer some guidelines.Ê One of the major points I made during my discussion of the speech analysis products is the importance ofÊ real-time visual feedback so that learners can more easily associate their speech behavior with what appears on the screen. Also useful is audio play-back which occurs simultaneously with the visual display so that the teacher and learner can go back and analyze what was said.Ê But actually less than half of the products have both of these functions.
Finally, I should add that there's no doubt a lot out there that I don't know about, and what I have listed below can best be seen as only a sampling.
Sorry that the spacing will probably be all messed up when you get this.
Best wishes,
Janet
Janet Anderson-Hsieh
Department of English
Iowa State University
203 Ross Hall
Ames, Iowa 50011-1201
<[log in to unmask]>ÊÊÊ
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30th Annual TESOL Convention, Chicago, March 26-30, 1996
ÊÊ COMPUTER-ASSISTED AIDS FOR PRONUNCIATION IMPROVEMENT
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ Janet Anderson-Hsieh
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ Iowa State University
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
ÊÊÊ I. Introduction
ÊÊ II. Some computer software and hardware for teaching pronunciation
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ A. Software/hardware with speech analysis functions
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ 1. Sound spectrogram andÊ pitch and intensity display
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ 2. Pitch and intensity display without spectrogram
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ B. Software/hardware withoutÊ any speech analysis functions
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ 1. ESL pronunciation software
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ 2. General ESL software
Ê III.Ê Guidelines for selection
ÊÊ IV. Limitations of of software/hardware and suggestions for use
I. Some software and hardware for teaching pronunciation
(The appearance of products on the list below does notÊ represent an endorsement. The purpose of the list is to provide examples of the range ofÊ products currently available.)
Ê A. Software/hardware with speech analysis functions
ÊÊÊÊÊÊ 1. Sound spectrogram andÊ pitch and intensity displays
(The products listed below vary greatly in capabilities, technical sophistocation and cost.Ê All are PC compatible )
ACCENT LAB, Accent technologies, 12240 Venice Bl., Los Angeles, CA 90066 (310) 390-2244. Spectrograms, pitch analysis, vowel charts, 60 lessons. [approx. $30.00]
COMPUTERIZED SPEECH LAB (CSL), KAY Elemetrics, 2 Bridgewater Lane, Lincoln Park, NJ 07035-1488Ê (800) 289-5297.Ê Spectrograms, pitch analysis, waveform analysis,Ê real time analysis, audio playback, editing, mixing, file management, IPA notation, and many other functions. [approx $5500.00]
COMPUTERIZED SPEECH RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT (CSRE), AVAAZ Innovations, P.O. Box 8040, 1225 Wonderland Road North, London, Ontario N6G ZBO, Canada, (519) 472-7944.Ê Spectrograms, pitch extraction, speech synthesis, editing, and more. [approx. $1200.00]
DR. SPEECH SCIENCE FOR WINDOWS Tiger Electronics, Inc. P.O. Box 85126, Seattle, WA 98145, (206) 499-5757. Speech TrainingÊ and Real Speech. Both have spectrographic display, pitch & intensity, audio playback synchronized with visual display but onlyÊ Real SpeechÊ presents visual displays in real time. [approx. $500 each]
IBM SPEECH VIEWER II, IBM Corporation, P.O. Box 1328, Boca Raton, FLA 33429, (800) IBM-3333.Ê Spectrograms, pitch extraction, waveforms, spectra, awareness and skill building modules with games, real time analysis, audio playback, and more. [approx. $1500]
SENSIMETRICS SPEECH STATION, Sensimetrics Corp., One Kendall Sq., Cambridge, Mass.Ê 02139 (617) 225-2442.Ê Spectrograms, waveform, pitch, editing, and more. [approx. $1000.00]
SIGNALYZE, /http://agoralang.com/sl.html/ wideband spectrograms, pitch extraction,wave form, narrow band spectrograms, amplitude envelope. [approx. $450.00]
SONY SOUND ANALYZER, in use in ESL classes at Center for Language Research, University of Aizu, Aizu-wakamatsu, Fukushima, 965-80 JAPAN.Ê Contact person:Ê Stephen Lambacher.Ê Spectrograms, pitch, amplitude.
ÊÊÊÊÊÊ 2. Pitch/intensity extraction function without spectrograms
ÊÊÊÊÊÊ (Some of the products listed have other functions, such as
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ limited spectral functions and vowel charts, and some haveÊÊÊ
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ built-in ESL pronunciation lessons.Ê The cost and capabilitiesÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ of the products vary greatly. )
IBM SPEECH VIEWER I, See IBM address and tel. above under IBM Speech Viewer II.ÊÊ Pitch and intensity displays in real time,Ê awareness and skill building modules with games, audio playback synchronized with visual display. [approx $1200?]
PRONUNCIATION PLUS, MacEnglish, Dyned Corp., 989 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Foster City, CA 94404.Ê (800) 765-4ESL.Ê Pitch traces, record and playback, animation, sound, graphics, minimal pairs, 64 lessons.Ê Mac compatible.
SPEECHLAB AUTHORING TOOL.Ê /http://agoralang.com/sl.html/ Carolyn G. Fidelman.Ê Pitch and intensity display, hypercard based template for authoring.Ê Mac comp. [$50.00]
TEAM (Technology Enhanced Modification Project). Art Schwartz, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, (216) 687-3804, <[log in to unmask]>, Pitch and intensity extraction, multimedia software. [approx. $500.00]
VIDEO VOICE, Micro Video, P.O. Box 7357, Ann Arbor, MI 48107, (800) 537-2182.Ê Pitch and intens. displays in real time, F-1-F-2Ê matrix display for vowels & some cons., audio playback synchronized with visual display, games, and more. IBM & Mac. compat. [approx. $3,000.00]
VISIPITCH II, See address and tel. for Kay Elemetrics under CSL above. Pitch and intensity displays in real time,Ê F-1 F-2 matrix display, spectral slices, audio playback synchronized with visual display, and more.Ê IBM Compatible. [approx. $3,000.00]
Waveform display only:
AMERICAN SPEECH WAVES,Ê Speech Communication, 4630 Campus Drive, Newport Beach, CA 92660, (800) 797-TALK.Ê Waveform only.Ê Pitch under development. Audio play-back synchronized with visual display, exercises on syllables, words, sentences, and stress,Ê IBM compatible.
ÊÊ B. Software/hardware withoutÊ speech analysis functions.
(All products listed have audio, record, and playback functions.)
ÊÊÊÊÊ
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ 1. ESL pronunciation software
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ [the prices of the products listed below range from $150 to $500.00]
AMERICAN ACCENT PROGRAM, Ford Language Institute, 4199 Campus Drive, Irvine, CA 92715, (800) 445-8043.Ê Interactive multimedia CD ROM, vowels, cons., intonation, animated graphics. IBM and Mac versions.
ELLIS MASTER PRONUNCIATION, CALI, 734 E. Utah Valley Dr., Bldg. 1, American Fork, Utah 84003, (801)-756-1011.Ê Multimedia, CD-ROM, animated graphics, minimal pairs, speech acts, explanations in 28 languages, IBM compatible.
SOUNDS AMERICAN, See address under American Speech Waves above. Consonants and vowels, stress,Ê foreign language directory, add-on units for word endings, linking, reductions,Ê IBM compatible.
SPEECH WORKS, Trinity Software, Main Street, P.O. Box 960, Campton, NH 03223, (800) 352-1282.ÊÊ Stress, linking, vowels, cons., cons. clusters, lesson plans for 30 languages, 24 units.Ê Designed for nonnative professionals. New CD ROM version to be released soon.ÊÊ Mac compatible. Windows version to be released later this year.
ÊÊÊÊÊÊ 2. General ESL software
DYNAMIC ENGLISH, Dyned International.Ê For address, see Pronunciation Plus above.Ê CD-ROM based multimedia, animated graphics,Ê listening, speaking, reading, situational,Ê Beginning to pre-intermediate,Ê IBM and Mac compatible.
ELLIS SENIOR MASTERY, CALI, see address above under ELLIS Master Pronunciation.Ê CD-ROM based multimedia, grammar, vocabulary, listening, reading, pronunciation including intonation, foreign language translation, games, intermediate to advanced, IBM compatible.
I SPEAK ENGLISH, Intertechnica International, 3200 Windy Hill Road, Atlanta, GA 30339, (800) 627-8363, ext. 44. CD ROM based multimedia, color graphics, listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocab,, grammar, native language audio support,Ê IBM, MS-DOS.
THE ROSETTA STONE, Fairfield Language Technologies, 122 S. Main Street, Harrison-burg, VA 22801, (800) 788-0822.ÊÊÊ CD ROM based multimedia, learning in context, listening, speaking, reading, writing, beginning level.Ê Windows and Mac versions.
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ BIBLIOGRAPHY
Anderson-Hsieh, J. (1992).ÊÊ Using electronic visual feedback to teach suprasegmentals. System, 20:1, 51-62.
Anderson-Hsieh, J. (1994).Ê Interpreting visual feedback on suprasegmentals in computer-assisted pronunciation instruction. CALICO Journal, 11:4, 5-22.
Bagshaw, P.,Ê Hiller, S.M. & Jack, M.A. (1993).ÊÊ Enhanced pitch tracking and the processing of F0 contours for computer aided intonation teaching.Ê Proceedings ofÊ Eurospeech 93,Ê [this article is about the technology for SPELL]
Browne, S. (1991).ÊÊ A pedagogy of corporate-level ESP training for international scientistsÊÊÊ and engineers.Ê In Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics.Ê Washington, D.C.:Ê Georgetown University Press (pp. 132-142).
Cauldwell, R. (1992).Ê Of streams and bricks:Ê New ways of presenting the spoken language to learners.Ê SPEAK OUT!ÊÊ (Newletter of the IATEFL Pronunciation Special InterestÊ Group) 10, 29-34.
Chun, D. (1989).Ê Teaching tone and intonation with microcoomputers. CALICO Journal, 6:3, 21-47.
de Bot, K.Ê (1983).Ê Visual feeback of intonation I:Ê Effectiveness and induced practice behavior.Ê Language and Speech, 26, 331-350.
Esling, J. (1992).Ê Speech technology systems in applied linguistics. In M. C. Pennington and V. Stevens (Eds.),Ê Computers in Applied LinguisticsÊ (pp. 244-272). Clevedon, Avon, U.K.:Ê Multilingual Matters.
Fourcin, A. J., Abberton, E. & Ball, V. (1993).Ê Intonation: analysis, presentation and training. (pp. 137-150).Ê In F. Cominx & B.Eisendoorn (Eds.), Learning technology for the deaf. Springer Verlag.
Fry, D. (1979).Ê The Physics of Speech.ÊÊ Cambridge:Ê Cambridge University Press.
Gilbert, J. (1984). Clear Speech,Ê Cambridge:Ê Cambridge University Press.
Gilbert, J. (1992) Clear Speech, Second Edition.Ê Cambridge:Ê Cambridge University Press.
Johnson, K., Dunkel, P., & Rekart, D. (1994).Ê Utilizing CALL to improve the English pronunciation of International Teaching Assistants, CAELL Journal, 5:2, 10-18.
Jones, Glyn (1992).Ê Machines that talk and listen:Ê Computer sound as an aid to pronunciation training.Ê SPEAK OUT!Ê 10, 22-28.
Lambacher, SÊ (1996).Ê Spectrographic analysis as a tool in building L2 pronunciationÊ skills.Ê SPEAK OUT!Ê 17,Ê 32-35.
Molholt, G. (1988).Ê Spectrographic analysis and patterns in pronunciation. Computers and the Humanities, 24:Ê 81-92.
Molholt, G. (1988).Ê Computer assisted instruction for Chinese speakers of AmericanÊÊÊÊ English.Ê TESOL Quarterly, 22, 91-111.
Molholt, G. ( 1992).Ê Visual displays develop awareness of intelligible pronunciationÊÊ patterns.Ê In A. Brown (Ed.)Ê Approaches to pronuncia- tion teaching.Ê (pp. 138-Ê 151).Ê MacMillan/ The British Council.
Morley, J. (1991). The pronunciation component of teaching English to speakers of other languages.Ê TESOL Quarterly, 25, 481-520.
Pennington, M. (1989).Ê Applications of computers in the development of speaking andÊÊÊ listening proficiency.Ê In M. Pennington (Ed.), Teaching Languages with ComputersÊÊÊÊÊÊ (pp. 97-121).Ê La Jolla, CA.:Ê Athelston.
Pennington, M. (1991).Ê Computer-assisted analysis of English dialect and interlanguage prosodics:Ê Applications to research and training. In P. Dunkel (Ed.), Computer assisted language learning and testing: Research issues and practiceÊ (pp. 133- 154).Ê New York:Ê Newbury House.
Roach, P. (1992).Ê Speech databases:Ê A new resource.Ê SPEAK OUT!Ê 10, 35-37.
Roach, P., Miller, D. & Emslie, J. (1992).Ê Speech analysis and recognition.Ê In P.Ê Roach (Ed.) Computing in Linguistics and Phonetics: Introductory Readings, (pp. 35-49).Ê London:Ê Academic Press.
Scully, C. & Whiteside, S. (1992).Ê Speech production modelling and speech synthesis.Ê In P. Roach (Ed.), Computing in linguistics and phonetics (pp. 73-84).
Spaii, W. & Hermes, D. (1992).Ê A visual display for the teaching of intonation. CALICO Journal, 10:3, 19-30.
Stenson, N., Downing, B., Smith J. & Smith, K. (1992).ÊÊ The effectiveness of computer-assisted pronunciation training.CALICO Journal, 9:3
Wang, H.D. Degryse, D. & Carraro, F. (1993).Ê A prosody modification approachÊ for auditory user feedback in the SPELL pronunciation teaching system. Proceedings ofÊÊ Eurospeech 93,Ê Berlin.
ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am grateful to the following colleagues for directing me to relevant articlesÊ or new technology for teaching pronunciationÊ or for sharing other information with me used in the paper:Ê Evelyn Abberton, Paul Arcell, Adam Brown,Ê Sandra Browne,Ê Garry Molholt, Nancy Hizer,Ê Karen Johnson, Stephen Lambacher,Ê Barbara Matthies, Colleen Meyers, John Murphy, Rodney Sissell, Peter Roach, Jan Smith, Karin Smith, Andy Swan, Horabail Venktagiri, and Ann Wennerstrom.ÊÊÊ I am also grateful to Garry Molholt for providing some of the visual feedback graphs.Ê However, any shortcomings in my paperÊ should be attributed to no one but myself.
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