_ _ _ _ _ _ _ / _ _ / / / / / / \ / / / / / / / / / \ / / / /_ _ / /_ _/ / / /\ \ / / /_ _ / / /_ _/ / / / \/ / / / / / / / / / / / / /_ _ _ / / / / / / / / /_ _ _ / /_/ /_/ /_/ /_/ Economic History Newsletter (c.) Date: July 9, 1993 Number:3 ============================================================== Table of Contents 1. Editorial 2. Articles PIERRE VAN DER ENG - "Economic History of Southeast Asia Project" ANDRE GUNDER FRANK - Abstract of "World Economies or [one] World Economy" 3. Upcoming Events 4. New Members of the Economic History Conference 5. Jobs Bulletin 6. Appendix ============================================================== Editors: Alejandra Irigoin, Alberto Schram, Sylvia Schwaag, Goetz von Thadden. ------------------------------------ ]1. Editorial ] ------------------------------------ After the publication of our second issue, and also in response to our plea for some reaction, we received a number of positive and encouraging comments from subscribers all over the world. We also received several contributions which we are happy to include in this issue. At least now we know that there are people out there who read what we are struggling to produce in this bi-monthly newsletter. We want to thank the subscribers very much for the increased interest and look forward to more comments in response to this newsletter. We have also heard that in an evaluation of all running e-mail conferences our newsletter was rated as "excellent" and we are grateful for any positive reinforcement. We reiterate that we welcome comments, articles, abstracts, calls for papers, conference information, research interests, etc., for inclusion in the next issue which we plan to publish in October. The job market for academics - or in general - is not exactly abounding in lucrative offers right now, at least not in Western Europe. In this issue, we are therefore also including two appointments for lecturers in the United Kingdom. We welcome further appointment offers for future newsletters. On this note, we wish you all a great summer, and look forward to hearing from you soon, The editors. STATEMENT The views expressed in the articles contributed to the Economic History Newsletter are not necessarily those of the editors of the newsletter. ------------------------------- ]2. Articles ] ------------------------------- Economic History of Southeast Asia Project By Pierre Van der Eng. It was the ambition of J.S. Furnivall, the most far-sighted of colonial scholar-administrators, to write a comparative history of colonial policy in Southeast Asia - British, French, Dutch and American - and a related study of post - World War II reconstruc- tion and independence in the former Southeast Asian colonies. By the end of the 1940s he had published important books on Burma and Indonesia and had begun to work on the Philippines, examining bothits Spanish and American heritage. But the grand design of an integrated economic history of Southeast Asia proved too ambitious for one man. His work remained uncompleted at his death in 1960. In a sense the Economic History of Southeast Asia Project at the Australian National University in Canberra seeks to fulfil the task which Furnivall initiated. For although much has been written on the economic development of Southeast Asia in the last three decades, very little of the published work has an explicitly comparative perspective. Even fewer authors have endeavoured to examine economic development of the countries in Southeast Asia in a long-term framework or the impact of the colonial legacy on subsequent economic performance. The unusually bitter end to colonial rule in many parts of the region created a marked historical discontinuity, severing the study of the past from the study of the present. The older centres of `colonial' scholarship in the metropolitan countries suffered a crisis of morale, while the newer centres, in the USA and Australia, as well as in Southeast Asia itself tended to emphasise the cultural distinctiveness and historical autonomy of the peoples of Southeast Asia. The main casualty of these necessary developments has been the study of the economic history of Southeast Asia. While work on other parts of Asia, notably India, China and Japan, has made considerable advances, little progress has occurred in the area of Southeast Asia. The outstanding names in the field are still those of the 1920s and 1930s: Furnivall, Gourou, Robequain, Van Leur, Burger and Boeke. This postwar neglect has contributed to the gulf between the general fields of economics and Southeast Asian studies, including history. It has kept Southeast Asia out of several critical contemporary debates on which the region should have much to contribute, including the rise of capitalism, world-systems and `dependency', the impact of global trade cycles, clientship and labour markets, entrepreneurial diaspora, and the sources of modern economic growth. It has made Southeast asia seem more fragmented than it is, by keeping the focus on the political and cultural expressions of nationalism rather than on the everyday lives of people, their relation to the environment, their agriculture, household economy, health, manufactures, and the strengths and weaknesses of their multi-ethnic political economies in striving towards modern economic and social development. Although the region's rapid growth in the last twenty years has attracted attention, it has appeared to have no historical roots. Contemporary literature on recent economic changes in Southeast Asia hardly acknowledges its long-term meaning and context. The modern Economic History of Southeast Asia (EchoSea) Project, established within the Research School of Pacific Studies at the Australian National University, is premised on the conviction that the contemporary economic performance of Southeast Asia cannot be understood except in relation to its past. The study of Southeast Asia's economic history has been impeded by the diversity of sources and data series, many of them in languages no longer directly accessible to economic researchers. The project endeavours to integrate the economic history of the region both between countries and across the gap created by World War II and political independence. The project draws on the existing strengths in Southeast Asian economics and history in the Research School of Pacific Studies, as well as in the international academic community. Its main output will be a series of monographs to be published by The Macmillan Press in London. In addition the project produces a series of data papers to assist the study of the economic history of Southeast Asia, in association with the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore. The project also publishes a newsletter, which serves as a clearing-house for news about the economic history of Southeast Asia. It appears two or three times per year. It welcomes information about research initiatives, conferences, data sources and publications. The newsletter can be obtained without charge from: Economic History of Southeast Asia Project, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia, Tel. (06) 249 3105, Fax (06) 249 5525. E-mail enquiries or contributions can be sent to: Pierre van der Eng, pierre@coombs.anu.edu.au Forthcoming publications: The Macmillan Press (London): A. Individual country surveys: The Philippines (Norman Owen, University of Hong Kong) Indonesia (Anne Booth, School of Oriental and African Studies, UK)Thailand (Malcolm Falkus, University of New England, Australia) Malaysia (John Drabble, University of Sydney, Australia) Vietnam (Pierre Brocheux, Universite de Paris, France) Burma (Teruko Saito, University of Foreign Studies, Japan) B. Thematic volumes: Trade and society before 1800 (Tony Reid, Australian National University) Population (Peter Xenos, East-West Center, Hawaii) Peasant production (Robert Elson, Griffith University, Australia) Fisheries and marine environment (John Butcher, Griffith University, Australia) Tree crop development (Colin Barlow, Australian National University) Land use history and environmental change (Lesley Potter, University of Adelaide, Australia) Cities, transport and economic integration (Peter Rimmer, Australian National University, and Howard Dick, University of Newcastle, Australia) Economic growth and standards of living (Pierre van der Eng, Australian National University) Ethnicity, private enterprise and state initiative (Jamie Mackie, Australian National University, and Michael Godley, Monash University, Australia) Foreign investment (Thomas Lindblad, University of Leiden, Netherlands) Finance and banking (Gregg Huff, University of Glasgow, UK) Mining (Gill Burke, Australian National University) Manufacturing (Howard Dick, University of Newcastle, Australia) Employment and labour relations (Amarjit Kaur, University of New England, Australia) International trade and economic growth (Anne Booth, School of Oriental and African Studies, UK) EchoSea Project publications: J. Brewster and A. Booth (eds.) `Bibliography of statistical sources on Southeast Asia, c.1750-1990' (1990) Pp.120. Obtainable from Bibliotech, Distribution Division, ANUTECH Pty Ltd, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia. Price A$8.00, postage Asia and Pacific A$5.00, elsewhere A$6.00. J. Furnivall, `The Fashioning of Leviathan: The Beginnings of British Rule in Burma.' (1991) Pp.80. Obtainable from the EchoSea Project. Price A$20.00 surface mail, A$25.00 airmail. G.D. Snooks, A.J.S. Reid and J.J. Pincus (eds.) `Exploring Southeast Asia's Economic Past' (1991) Pp.103. Special issue of the Australian Economic History Review. Obtainable from the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), Heng Mui Terrace, Pasir Panjang, Singapore 0511. Price US$14.00, postage outside Singapore US$3.00. M.R. Fernando and D. Bulbeck (eds.) `Chinese Economic Activity in the Netherlands Indies, Selected Translations from the Dutch' (1992) Pp.275. Obtainable from ISEAS. Price US$24.00, postage US$4.00. Forthcoming EchoSea project publications in 1993: A.J.S. Reid and T.N. Li (eds.) `Southern Vietnam under the Nguyen. Documentson the Economic History of Cochinchina (Dang Trong), 1602-1777.' Y. Ishii (ed.) `The Junk Trade of Southeast Asia'. Abstract WORLD-ECONOMIES OR [ONE] WORLD ECONOMY? A CRITICAL READING OF BRAUDEL'S PERSPECTIVE OF THE WORLD by ANDRE GUNDER FRANK University of Amsterdam H. Bosmansstraat 57 TEL Home: 31-20-664 6607 1077 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands FAX Home: 31-20-676 4432 e-mail: gunderfrank@alf.let.uva.nl FAX Univ: 31-20-620 3226 [If you would like the entire article or for comments please contact Andre Gunder Frank directly at the above address.] "There have always been world-economies" (p.24) and "the world- economy model is certainly a valid one" (p. 69), asserts Braudel in his masterful book The Perspective of the World Vol. III of Civilization and Capitalism 15th-18th Century. Braudel himself stresses the difference between world economy and world-economy. "The world economy is an expression applied to the whole world.... A world-economy only concerns a fragment of the world, an economically autonomous section" (pp. 20-21). A similar "difference a hyphen makes" is stressed by Wallerstein (1991). "Immanuel Wallerstein tells us that he arrived at the theory of the world-economy while looking for the largest units of measurement which would still be coherent" (p.70). Braudel and Wallerstein emphatically deny that there was any such "coherent" world economy before very recent times. Yet time and again in this book, Braudel's own data and analysis of his "world-economies" demonstrates that they were not economically autonomous. Instead, he shows again and again that they were intimately connected and dependent on each other in what should instead be termed a world economy or world system, which included them all. Moreover, apparently it also had a coherence of its own, which not incidentally had the very same characteristics as Wallerstein's "modern-world-system" except that it was not European centred and that it was not uniquely "capitalist." Among the issues considered are: 1. Where did the world system arise?. 2. Where was it centred? 3. Who and where was inside and/or outside the world system? 4. Was or is the world system capitalist? Answers to all these questions have far-reaching ideological and social scientific implications. My reinterpretation or "critical reading," with abundant quotations, of Braudel himself shows that there was indeed a world economy that encompassed all his world economies. That is the heart of this essay. Subsidiary in it is the discussion by Braudel, Wallerstein (1974) [The Modern World System], Chaudhuri (1990) [Asia Before Europe], Abu-Lughod (1989) [Before European Hegemony] and others of whether these world-economies or the world economy were "capitalist" and since when. Only ideological blinkers that obscure anything other than a straight road with a European origin from feudalism - to capitalism - to socialism still obfuscate this wider world economy/system beyond and before Europe (Frank 1991). It is high time to remove such blinkers and to combine the titles of Braudel, Wallerstein, Chaudhuri and Abu - Lughod to get a better Perspective on the World System in Asia Before European Hegemony. ------------------------------------ ]3. Upcoming Events ] ------------------------------------ * PUBLIC CHOICE AND THE THIRD WORLD EXPERIENCE CONFERENCE London 17-19 September 1993. PROVISIONAL PROGRAMME: KEYNOTE PAPERS: -`Social Dilemmas and Rational Individuals: an essay on the New Institutionalism'. R. BATES (Duke University, Durham, North Carolina) -`The State as a Producer of Property Rights; structural analysis of agrarian relations in colonial India'. M DESAI (LSE) -`The New Institutional Economics and Economic Development' D. NORTH (Washington University, St Louis, USA) -`The New Institutional Economics and its Implications for Development Theory' J. TOYE (IDS, University of Sussex) THEME PAPERS: a) DEVELOPING ECONOMIES PAST AND PRESENT: -`Regional Fairs, Institutional Innovation and Economic growth in Late Medieval Europe' S. EPSTEIN (LSE) -`Foreign Capital and the State: structural change and fluctuations in the Greek economy, 1834-1940' IS MINOGLOU (School of Political Science, Athens) -`The Market for Property Rights in Developing Nations: past and present experiences' H. ROOT (Hoover Institution, Stanford University) -'"Old" and "New" Political Economy: Externalities and the "Tie Forming" effects of the Markets' B. INGHAM (University of Salford) b) PROPERTY RIGHTS: -'Money, Public Policy and Stabilization in the Argentine' J. ADELMAN (Princeton University) -'Common Property and Economic Development; and analysis of Latin American experience in the light of contemporary theory' CD SCOTT & J LITCHFIELD (LSE) c) INTEREST GROUPS AND GOVERNMENT POLICY: -`The Changing Size and Role of the Government Sector in Indonesia, 1870 to 1990' A. BOOTH (SOAS University of London) -`Regulation and the International Coffee Trade; planters, merchants and state intervention in the Brazilian coffee trade during the 1920s and 1930s' RG GREENHILL (Guildhall University of London) -`Explaining the economic and Political "Successes" of the Rawlings Regime in Ghana: the strengths and limitations of public choice theories' E GYMAH-BOADI (University of Ghana, Legon) -`Class, State and the World Economy: a case study of Ethiopia' R. MURRAY (IDS, University of Sussex) -`The State and Pressure Groups in Post-Colonial India' S. ROY (City University) d) AGRARIAN INSTITUTIONS: -`Institutions, Transactions and Rationality: evidence from Indian village studies' J ADAMS & WC NEALE (North Eastern University, Boston & University of Tennessee, Knoxville USA) -`Cocoa Plantations in West Africa, South East Asia and the Pacific, c. 1870-1930; the economic of inefficiency' WG CALRENCE SMITH (SOAS University of London) -`Peasants and Traders: Agricultural Marketing in the British Punjab, 1899-1947' C DEWEY (University of Leicester) -`Markets within Markets and No Markets at All: Maps and landscapes of Grain Markets in South Asia' B. HARRIS (Queen Elizabeth House, Oxford) -`Institutional Structures and Agricultural Performance: the Rural Economies of India and China in the late nineteenth and earlytwentieth century' T TOMLINSON (Birmingham) e) CAPITAL MARKETS: -`Capital Markets and Industrial Development: a comparison of textile manufacturing in the United States of America, Britain, Spain, India, Mexico and Brazil' S HABER (University of California San Diego) -`Traders and Finance: the emergence of local capital markets in South Asia' R BROWN. f) INSTITUTIONAL REFORM, ECONOMIC LIBERALISM AND STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT IN THE CONTEMPORARY THIRD WORLD - `Explaining Crises: solving adjustment problems in Africa. The relevance of new institutional analyses' E. BRETT (LSE) - `Institutional Theories and Structural Adjustment in Africa' H STEIN (Roosevelt University) * VI ANNUAL MEETING OF AGRARIAN HISTORY SEMINAR. Place: Cabezon de la Sal- CANTABRIA. SPAIN >From 1 to 3 December 1993. Organized by SEHA, Sociedad Espanola de Historia Agraria-SPAIN. Inscription Fees: 25.000 pesetas. Session 1: "las bases sociales de los poderes locales y las transformaciones de la sociedad agraria de Espana del siglo XIX" (Social basis of local powers and the change of the agrarian society in nineteenth century Spain) Session 2) "El Credito rural como factor de cambio agrario (Siglos XVIII-XX)" (Rural credit markets as one factor of agrarian change. Eighteenth -Twentieth centuries) For further details please contact: Dr. Vicente Pinilla, Departamento de Estructura e Historia Economica y Economia Publica. Facultad de Ciencias Economicas, Gran Via 2, 50005 ZARAGOZA ESPANA. fax: +34-76.2332762 e-mail: PINILLA@ES.UNIZAR.CC * CALL FOR PAPERS AND DISSERTATIONS THE 40TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BUSINESS HISTORY CONFERENCE Williamsburg, Virginia, March 11-13, 1994 The 1994 Business History Conference will be held in Williamsburg, Virginia, at the College of William & Mary and the Williamsburg Hospitality House from Friday, March 11, 1994 through Sunday, March 13, 1994. Session and paper proposals on any topic related to business history and its complementary disciplines will be welcome. Given the conference venue, the Program Chair hopes to focus several sessions on business in the colonial/early national period. Proposals for sessions or individual papers should be submitted by October 1, 1993. A description of the session should identify authors (no more than three per session), commentator, moderator, session theme, and should include a one-page abstract of each paper. Brief cv's of participants should be included. The program will be announced by November 1, 1993. The Newcomen Prize of $1,000 will be awarded to the best conference paper. In order to be eligible for the prize, papers must be in the hands of the Program Chair no later than February 15, 1994. Proposals should be submitted to the Program Chair at the following address: Edwin J. Perkins Department of History University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90089 (fax. 213-740-6999) The conference will feature its traditional plenary session for dissertation summaries. Dissertations completed within the last three years, 1991-93, are eligible for consideration. The Herman E. Krooss Prize ($250) is awarded annually to the best dissertation presented at the meeting. The session is being organized by William Childs. Those wishing to be considered for inclusion should send a one-page abstract and a copy of their dissertation to the following address: William R. Childs Department of History Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 (tel. 614-422-6325) ----------------------------------------- ]4. Research Interests - New Members ] ----------------------------------------- VICENTE PINILLA: Depto. de Estructura e Historia Economica y Economia Publica Facultad de Ciencias Economicas. Universidad de Zaragoza. Spain. Research Interests: SPANISH, EUROPEAN AND WORLD CONTEMPORARY AGRICULTURAL HISTORY; INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS (19th and 20th centuries). e-mail: "PINILLA@cc.unizar.es" ALLAN LUMMUS: Dept. of Sociology University of Oregon. USA Research Interests: Ecological History; Political economy of ecosystems; Social Movements; Labour history and future. e-mail: "ALUMMUS@oregon.uoregon.edu" FERNANDO AUGUSTO ROCCHI Dept. of History University of California. Santa Barbara. USA Research Interests: Cuurently working on "Imports and Industry in the Market of Buenos Aires 1880-1914." Latin American and Argentinian economic history. Nineteenth and early Twentieth century. e-mail: "6500ROCC%ucsbuxa@edu.ucsb.hub" WILLIAM J. HAUSMAN Dept. of Economics College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA (23187-8795) USA Research Interests: Currently working on a Business/Economic History of the US Electric Utility Industry. Also interested on British Coal Industry, especially the coal trade in the 18th and 19th century. e-mail: "wjhaus@mail.wm.edu" ------------------------------------ ]5. Jobs Bulletin ] ------------------------------------ APPOINTMENT OF TEMPORARY LECTURER IN LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY The University of Portsmouth is seeking a Latin American historian beginning September 1, 1993. The position is for one year in the first instance. For information write to the School of Languages and Area Studies, University of Portsmouth, Wiltshire Building, Hampshire Terrace, Portsmouth PO1 2BU, Tel:0705-843052, Fax:0705- 843350. LECTURER IN ECONOMIC HISTORY The Economic History Department of the London School of Economics and Political Science wishes to appoint a temporary lecturer for three years from October 1, 1993, principally to teach an Msc. course on the post-war economic history of the European Community but also to contribute to teaching on other courses. Applications from candidates with a proven research record in a field related to the subject area are particularly welcome. The closing date for applications is July 14, 1993. For application forms and further particulars, on receipt of a stamped address, please write to the Staffing Office, London School of Economics, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE. ------------------------------------ ]6. Appendix ] ------------------------------------ In connection with his abstract on "World Economies or [one] World Economy", Andre Gunder Frank sent us a list of his recent publications which we are including in this appendix. The critical listing of publications could well develop into a regular service of this newsletter, if only enough established scholars were willing to contribute. This would be one more way to present one's work in order to initiate communication. WORLD SYSTEM HISTORY - Recent Writings by ANDRE GUNDER FRANK University of Amsterdam H. Bosmansstraat 57 TEL Home: 31-20-664 6607 1077 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands FAX Home: 31-20-676 4432 e-mail: gunderfrank@alf.let.uva.nl FAX Univ: 31-20-620 3226 IF HOME FAX NOT ANSWER,CALL HOME TEL EUROP DAYTIME,OR FAX UNIV BOOKS & MONOGRAPHS Centrality of Central Asia. Amsterdam: VU University Press for Center for Asian Studies Amsterdam (CASA), Comparative Asian Studies No.8, 1992, 68 pp. The World System: Five Hundred Years or Five Thousand Editor/Contributor with Barry K. Gills. London and New York: Routledge, 1993 forthcoming (including revisions of some articles listed below) IN EDITED BOOKS/READERS 5000 years of World System History: The Cumulation of Accumulation (with Barry K. Gills) in: Precapitalist Core-Periphery Relations, C. Chase-Dunn & T. Hall, Eds. Boulder: Westview Press 1991, pp 67-111 1492 e America Latina o marxe dah hysteria do sistema mundial: 492-992-1492-1992 es os cambios de hexemonia Leste-Oeste America Latina: Entre a Realidade e a utopia Aula Castelet de Filosofia, Ed. Vigo: Edicions Xerais de Galicia 1992, pp. 171-212. Forteen Ninety-two Once Again 1492: The Debate on Colonialism, Eurocentrism and History. by J.M. Blaut with contributions by A.G. Frank, S. Amin, R.A. Dodgshon, R. Palan & R. Taylor. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press 1992, pp 65-80 ARTICLES A Theoretical Introduction to 5,000 Years of World System History. Review Vol.XIII, No.2, Spring l990,pp 155-248. The Cumulation of Accumulation: Theses and Research Agenda for 5000 Years of World System History (with Barry K. Gills) Dialectical Anthropology Vol.15, No.1, July 1990, pp. 19-42. The Thirteenth Century World System: A Review Essay Journal of World History Vol.I,No.2, Fall 1990, pp 249-256. A Plea for World System History Journal of World History Vol.II, #1, Spring l991,pp 1-28. Cuadernos Americanos, Mexico, Vol. XXX, No. 4, Dec. 1991 De Quelles Transitions et de Quels Modes de Production s'agit- il dans le Systeme-Monde Reel? Commentaire sur Wallerstein. Sociologie et Societs Vol.XXII,No.2, Oct.1990,pp.207-19 [English version, see below] Transitional Ideological Modes: Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism. Critique of Anthropology,Vol.11,No 2,Summer1991, pp171-188 Oriens/BOCTOK, Moscow, No. 2, 1992. The Centrality of Central Asia Studies in History,New Delhi,Vol.8,No.1,Jan.-June 1992,pp43-92 Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, Boulder USA, XXIV,2, April-June 1992, pp 50-74. Rejoinder [to Comments on The Centrality of Central Asia] Studies in History,New Delhi,Vol.8,No.1,Jan-June 1992,pp118-22 Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, Boulder USA, XXIV,2, April-June 1992, pp 80-82. Forteen Ninety-two Once Again Political Geography Quarterly, Vol.11, No.4,Jl.1992,pp 386-393 The Five Thousand Year World System: An Interdisciplinary Introduction [with Barry K. Gills] Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, Arcata, Calif. Vol. 18, No. 1, Spring l992, pp 1-79 World System Cycles, Crises, and Hegemonial Shifts 1700 BC to 1700 AD (with B. Gills) Review, XV, 4, Fall 1992, pp. 621-687. The World Is Round and Wavy: Demographic Cycles & Structural Aanalysis in the World System: Review Essay of J. Goldstone's Revolutions and Rebellions in the Early Modern World. Contention, Vol. 2, No. 2 Winter 1993, pp. 107-124. 1492 y Amrica Latina al Margen de la Historia del Sistema Mundial El Gallo Ilustrado 1583, Semanario de El Dia, Mexico, Oct. 25, 1992, pp 2-7. Amrica Latina al margen del sistema mundial. Historia y presente. Nueva Sociedad, Caracas, No.123, enero-feb.1993, pp 23-34. FORTHCOMING World System Economic Cycles and Hegemonial Shift to Europe 100 BC to 1500 AD (w/ B. Gills) Journal of European Economic History,XXI,3, Winter 1992/3 Bronze Age World System Cycles Current Anthropology Vol. 34, No. 4, Oct. 1993 1492 and Latin America at the Margin of World System History: East. West Hegemonial Shifts (992-1492-1992). Comparative Civilizations Review No. 28, Spring 1993,pp. 1-40, CONFERENCE PAPERS AND/OR SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION Latin America at the Margin of World System History [second half only of above paper] Lessons of the Perilous Frontier: Selections and Reflections from "The Centrality of Central Asia" Social Science History Assoc. New Orelans,Oct.31-Nov.3,1991 World-Economies or [One] World economy? A Critical Reading of Braudel's Perspective of the World SUMMARY OF PUBLICATIONS MENTIONED ABOVE - introductory/ theoretical essays: "A Plea for World System History" is the most general introduction and overview, and "The Five Thousand Year World system: An Interdisciplinary Introduction" examines how this approach relates to a dozen disciplines and concerns from anthropology and archaeology, civlizationism, classicism and medievalism, to international relations, historical macro sociology, & world-system theory. - a critique of received theory [1990] and a proposal of alternative theory in "Cumulation of Accumulation" [1990/91] - applications in "regional case studies" for Inner/Central Asia and Latin America, and to topical problems, eg. continuity or discontinuity in 1492, my review of Janet Abu Lughod's book Before European Hegemony, world system vs. modes of production in my "Transitional Ideological Modes: Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism" and the discussion a propos Braudel about one world system or several world-systems. - the "identification" and discussion of long cycles from 1700 BC to 1700 AD, and again separately in another paper for the Bronze Age back to 3000 BC, and - a forthcoming book edited by A.G. Frank & B. K. Gills with a Foreword by William McNeill, which includes some of the editors' writings listed above along with contributions on and discussions of the theme "the world system: 500 or 5,000 years" by Janet Abu-Lughod, Samir Amin, Kajsa Ekholm and Jonathan Friedman, Immanuel Wallerstein, and David Wilkinson. THE MAIN THESES OF WORLD SYSTEM HISTORY by A.G. Frank My historical work [some also in collaboration with Barry Gills] is on 5,000 years of world system history in Eurasia/africa [Afroasia/europe] and the incorporation of the "new world" since 1492. A major purpose is to offer an alternative to eurocentism, which is not afro-, sino-, islamo- centered, but humanocentric instead. My principal "theoretical handle" is to extend the study of the WORLD SYSTEM (Wallerstein 1974, Frank 1978, Abu-Lughod 1989, Kohl 1989) back as far as it will go. So far that is 5,000 years; but I do not exclude going farther back, following the late J.K Fairbank's admonition that historical work should begin at the end and work backward as far as it will take us. The main theoretical categories I rely on are - 1. The world system itself. In my present view and per contra Wallerstein (l974), the existence and development of the world system in which we live stretches back at least five thousand years (Frank 1990, 1991a,b; Gills and Frank 1990/91, 1992; Frank and Gills 1992,1993). See publications list above. - 2. The process of capital accumulation as the motor force of [world system] history. Wallerstein and others regard continuous capital accumulation as the differentia specifica of the "modern world-system." I have argued elsewhere that in this regard the "modern" world system is not so different and that this same process of capital accumulation has played a, if not the, central role in the world system for several millennia (see especially Frank 1991b and Gills and Frank 1990/91 as well as replies by Amin 1991 and by Wallerstein 1991, the latter also on the difference a hyphen [-] makes, which are also included in Frank and Gills 1993). - 3. The center-periphery structure in and of the world [system]. This structure is familiar to analysts of dependence in the "modern" world system and especially in Latin America since 1492. I wrote about this among others in Frank (1967). However, I now find that this analytical category is also applicable to the world system before that. - 4. The alternation between hegemony and rivalry or the regional hegemonies and rivalries to succeed the previous hegemon. The world system and international relations literature has recently produced many good analyses of alternation between hegemonic leadership and rivalry for hegemony in the world system since 1492, for instance by Wallerstein (1979), or since 1494 by Modelski (1987) and by Modelski and Thompson (1988). However, hegemony and rivalry for the same also mark world [system] history long before that (Gills and Frank 1992, Frank and Gills 1992). - 5. Long [and short] economic cycles of alternating ascending [sometimes denominated "A"] phases and descending [sometimes denominated "B"] phases. In the real world historical process and in its analysis by students of the "modUse of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at E:\listplex\SYSTEM\SCRIPTS\filearea.cgi line 455, line 785. ern" world system, these long cycles are also associated with each of the previous categories. That is, an important characteristic of the "modern" world system is that the process of capital accumulation, changes in center-periphery position within it, and world system hegemony and rivalry are all cyclical and occur in tandem with each other. For my part, I analyzed the same for the "modern" world system under the title World Accumulation 1492-1789 and Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment (Frank 1978a,b). However, I now find that the world system cycle and many of its features also extend back long before 1492 to at least the 3rd millennium BC. These long cycles are identified and dated particularly in the papers entitled "World System Cycles, Crises and Hegemonial Shifts 1700 BC to 1700 AD" and "Bronze Age World System Cycles." Two other authors' independent empirically based tests offer substantial confirmation, and that of a third one does not, of the existence of these cycles and their datings.